Progesterone

About Progesterone

Progesterone is a naturally occurring hormone produced in the ovaries, adrenal glands, placenta (during pregnancy), and in small amounts in the testes. It plays a vital role in regulating the menstrual cycle, supporting early pregnancy, and maintaining hormonal balance.

Progesterone capsules are commonly prescribed to:

• Treat secondary amenorrhea (absence of menstrual periods)
• Manage abnormal uterine bleeding
• Prevent endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women taking estrogen therapy
• Support certain fertility treatments
• Provide hormonal supplementation in specific clinical conditions

In fertility medicine, progesterone is often used to support early pregnancy, especially in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Research also continues into its role in preventing preterm birth in high-risk women.

Progesterone is available in several forms including oral capsules, intravaginal preparations, injections, and compounded formulations. Angel Pharmacy supplies progesterone capsules as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

How Progesterone Works

Progesterone prepares the lining of the uterus (endometrium) for implantation of a fertilised egg and helps maintain early pregnancy. It works by:

• Transforming the uterine lining from a proliferative to a secretory phase
• Regulating ovulation
• Thickening cervical mucus
• Supporting hormonal balance
• Reducing uterine contractions

When used as part of contraceptive therapy, progesterone helps prevent ovulation and may alter the uterine lining to reduce the likelihood of implantation.

Dosage & Administration

Progesterone capsules are taken orally.

Typical dosing may include:

• For prevention of endometrial hyperplasia: 200 mg at bedtime for 12 days in a 28-day cycle
• For secondary amenorrhea: 400 mg at bedtime for 10 days

Your exact dosage and treatment duration will be determined by your prescribing doctor. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions.

Important Safety Information

Do not use progesterone capsules without medical supervision.

You should inform your doctor if you have:

• A history of breast, cervical, or uterine cancer
• Blood clotting disorders or previous stroke
• Liver disease
• Heart disease or high blood pressure
• Diabetes
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding
• Severe migraines or seizure disorders
• Peanut allergy (some formulations contain peanut oil)

Progesterone may cause dizziness or drowsiness. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.

Women who smoke, particularly over the age of 35, should speak with their healthcare provider before using hormone-based treatments due to increased cardiovascular risks.

Possible Side Effects

Common side effects may include:

• Irregular menstrual bleeding or spotting
• Breast tenderness
• Nausea
• Headache
• Mild weight changes
• Mood changes

Less common but serious side effects may include:

• Blood clots
• Vision disturbances
• Severe headache
• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of a blood clot, stroke, or allergic reaction.

Drug Interactions

Certain medications may affect how progesterone works, including:

• Anti-seizure medications (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine)
• Rifampin and other antibiotics
• Barbiturates
• Some antifungal medications
• Herbal supplements such as St. John’s Wort

Always provide your pharmacist and doctor with a full list of medications and supplements you are taking.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Progesterone may be prescribed in early pregnancy under specialist supervision, particularly in fertility treatment. Use during pregnancy should only occur if recommended by your doctor.

Progesterone is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but always consult your healthcare provider for personalised advice.

Storage Instructions

Store at room temperature (20–25°C), away from heat, moisture, and direct light.
Keep out of reach of children.
Do not use after the expiry date.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is progesterone the same as synthetic progestins?

Micronised progesterone is chemically identical to the hormone naturally produced in the body, whereas synthetic progestins are modified versions.

Should I take progesterone with food?

It is usually recommended to take progesterone at bedtime, ideally on an empty stomach, unless otherwise directed by your doctor.

Can progesterone affect sleep?

Some patients report improved sleep quality, while others may experience mild drowsiness.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember unless it is close to your next scheduled dose. Do not double doses.

Can herbal supplements affect progesterone?

Yes. Some herbal products, including St. John’s Wort, may reduce its effectiveness.

Disclaimer

This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting or changing any medication.

For more information, speak with our qualified pharmacists at Angel Pharmacy.